Abstract

BACKGROUND: There is increasing trend of both Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and chronic kidney diseases (CKD) in general populations. The individuals with CKD are more likely to die of CVD than of kidney failure. Both diagnostic and therapeutic interventions are crucial in management of CKD patients with coronary artery disease. As CKD itself is associated with more bleeding complications we aim to study the incidence of vascular complications (vessel thrombosis, distal embolisation, dissection, poorly controlled bleeding at puncture site, pseudoaneurysm, arteriovenous fistula, retroperitoneal hematoma, and development of femoral neuropathy) in Percutaneous intervention (PCI) patients with renal failure.

METHODS: 950 patients who underwent PCI procedures were classified into CKD (GFR<60ml/min/m2) (n=380, 40%) and non-CKD (n=570, 60%) groups. Two groups were analyzed for the occurrence of vascular complications post PCI.

RESULTS: Vascular complications were seen in 28 out of 380 patients with CKD (7.37%) and 17 out of 570 patients without CKD (2.98%). Patients with renal failure (GFR<60ml/min/m2) were found to have higher risk of vascular complications post PCI. [p = 0.03, OR = 2.588 (1.344-5.017)]. Non access site complications were more common in patients with CKD compared to non CKD. 16 patients with CKD developed non access site complications compared to 9 in patients without CKD.[p=0.001, odds ratio 2.793(1.15-6.916)

CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates higher risk of vascular complications post-PCI in patients with CKD compared to non CKD patients. Higher incidence of non access site complications was also observed in CKD patients.